<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="/static/taisho.xsl"?> <TEI xmlns:cb="http://www.cbeta.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="lzh-Hans-HK" xml:id="L153n1636"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title>Qianlong Edition of the Canon (Shinwenfeng Edition), Electronic version, No. 1636 莊子内篇註</title> <title xml:lang="zh-Hans">乾隆大藏经（新文豐版）数位版, No. 1636 莊子内篇註</title> <author>明 德淸註</author> <respStmt> <resp>Electronic Version by</resp> <name>CBETA</name> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <editionStmt> <edition>XML TEI P5</edition> <respStmt xml:id="resp1"><resp>corrections</resp><name>orig</name></respStmt> <respStmt xml:id="resp2"><resp>corrections</resp><name>CBETA</name></respStmt> <respStmt xml:id="resp3"><resp>corrections</resp><name>CBETA.maha</name></respStmt> <respStmt xml:id="resp4"><resp>corrections</resp><name>CBETA.ting</name></respStmt> <respStmt xml:id="resp5"><resp>corrections</resp><name>CBETA.shin</name></respStmt> </editionStmt> <extent>4卷</extent> <publicationStmt> <idno type="CBETA"> <idno type="canon">L</idno>.<idno type="vol">153</idno>.<idno type="no">1636</idno> </idno> <distributor> <name>中华电子<persName>佛</persName>典协会 (CBETA)</name> <address> <addrLine><email>service@cbeta.org</email></addrLine> </address> </distributor> <availability> <p>Available for non-commercial use when distributed with this header intact.</p> </availability> <date>2024-02-25 09:56:44 +0800</date> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <bibl> <title level="s">Qianlong Edition of the Canon (Shinwenfeng Edition)</title> <title level="s" xml:lang="zh-Hans">乾隆大藏经（新文豐版）</title> <title level="m" xml:lang="zh-Hans">莊子内篇註</title> </bibl> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <encodingDesc> <projectDesc> <p xml:lang="en" cb:type="ly">Input by CBETA(first version), Input by CBETA(second version)</p> <p xml:lang="zh-Hans" cb:type="ly">CBETA 人工输入（版本一），CBETA 人工输入（版本二）</p> </projectDesc> <editorialDecl> <punctuation resp="#resp1"><p>原书标点</p></punctuation> </editorialDecl> <tagsDecl> <namespace name="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"> <tagUsage gi="rdg"> <listWit> <witness xml:id="wit.cbeta">【CB】</witness> <witness xml:id="wit.orig">【龙】</witness> <witness xml:id="wit1">【嘉兴-CB】</witness> </listWit> </tagUsage> </namespace> </tagsDecl> <charDecl> <char xml:id="CB00331"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB00331</charName> <mapping cb:dec="983371" type="PUA">U+F014B</mapping> <mapping type="unicode">U+235E5</mapping><charProp><localName>normalized form</localName><value>棘</value></charProp><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[束*束]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB01008"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB01008</charName> <mapping cb:dec="984048" type="PUA">U+F03F0</mapping> <mapping type="unicode">U+2BA3B</mapping><charProp><localName>normalized form</localName><value>段</value></charProp><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[(暇-日)-(己-(乳-孚))+几]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB05321"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB05321</charName> <mapping cb:dec="988361" type="PUA">U+F14C9</mapping> <mapping type="unicode">U+2E281</mapping><charProp><localName>normalized form</localName><value>罟</value></charProp><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[(ㄇ@人)/古]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB08504"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB08504</charName> <mapping cb:dec="991544" type="PUA">U+F2138</mapping> <mapping type="unicode">U+269A8</mapping><charProp><localName>normalized form</localName><value>焰</value></charProp><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[舀*炎]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB08798"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB08798</charName> <mapping cb:dec="991838" type="PUA">U+F225E</mapping> <mapping type="normal_unicode">U+7F3A</mapping><charProp><localName>normalized form</localName><value>缺</value></charProp><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[卸-ㄗ+夬]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB08887"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB08887</charName> <mapping cb:dec="991927" type="PUA">U+F22B7</mapping> <charProp><localName>normalized form</localName><value>庭</value></charProp><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[庭-壬+手]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB10262"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB10262</charName> <mapping cb:dec="993302" type="PUA">U+F2816</mapping> <mapping type="unicode">U+26F66</mapping><charProp><localName>normalized form</localName><value>蔓</value></charProp><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[蔓-又+方]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB11245"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB11245</charName> <mapping cb:dec="994285" type="PUA">U+F2BED</mapping> <mapping type="unicode">U+23017</mapping><charProp><localName>normalized form</localName><value>斄</value></charProp><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[斄-未+牙]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB11702"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB11702</charName> <mapping cb:dec="994742" type="PUA">U+F2DB6</mapping> <mapping type="unicode">U+2047D</mapping><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[〦/兄]</value></charProp></char> <char xml:id="CB16487"> <charName>CBETA CHARACTER CB16487</charName> <mapping cb:dec="999527" type="PUA">U+F4067</mapping> <mapping type="unicode">U+2505E</mapping><charProp><localName>composition</localName><value>[书-曰+皿]</value></charProp></char> </charDecl> </encodingDesc> <profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="en">English</language> <language ident="zh-Hans">Chinese (Traditional)</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> <revisionDesc> <change when="2013-05-20"> <name>CW</name><name>Ray Chou 周邦信</name>P4 to P5 conversion by p4top5a.py, intended for publication </change> <change when="2010-10-15T13:39:34"> Zhou Bang-Xin (ed.) Created initial TEI XML version with BASICX.BAT </change> </revisionDesc> </teiHeader> <text><body> <milestone unit="juan" n="1"/> <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0359a" n="0359a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0359a01"/><cb:div type="other"><cb:mulu type="其他" level="1">目录</cb:mulu><head>莊子内篇註目录 素七</head> <lb ed="L" n="0359a02"/><list rend="no-marker"><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a0201">卷一 <lb ed="L" n="0359a03"/><list rend="no-marker"><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a0301">逍遥遊</item></list></item> <lb ed="L" n="0359a04"/><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a0401">卷二 <lb ed="L" n="0359a05"/><list rend="no-marker"><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a0501">齐物论</item></list></item> <lb ed="L" n="0359a06"/><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a0601">卷三 <lb ed="L" n="0359a07"/><list rend="no-marker"><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a0701">养生主</item> <lb ed="L" n="0359a08"/><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a0801">人间世</item> <lb ed="L" n="0359a09"/><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a0901">德<g ref="#CB11702">充</g>符</item></list></item> <lb ed="L" n="0359a10"/><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a1001">卷四 <lb ed="L" n="0359a11"/><list rend="no-marker"><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a1101">大宗师</item> <lb ed="L" n="0359a12"/><item xml:id="itemL153p0359a1201">应帝王</item></list></item></list></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0359a13"/> <lb ed="L" n="0359a14"/> <lb ed="L" n="0359a15"/> <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0359b" n="0359b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0359b01"/><cb:mulu type="卷" n="1"/><cb:juan fun="open" n="1"><cb:jhead>莊子内篇註卷之一</cb:jhead></cb:juan> <lb ed="L" n="0359b02"/><byline cb:type="author">明匡庐逸叟憨山释德淸註</byline> <lb ed="L" n="0359b03"/><cb:div type="other"><cb:mulu type="其他" level="1">前文</cb:mulu><p xml:id="pL153p0359b0301">莊子一书乃老子之註疏子尝谓老子之 <lb ed="L" n="0359b04"/>有莊如孔之有孟若悟彻老子之道後观 <lb ed="L" n="0359b05"/>此书全从彼中变化出来以其人宏才博 <lb ed="L" n="0359b06"/>辩其言洸洋自恣故观者如捕风捉影耳 <lb ed="L" n="0359b07"/>直是见彻他立言主意便不被他瞒矣一 <lb ed="L" n="0359b08"/>部全书三十三篇只内七篇已尽其意其 <lb ed="L" n="0359b09"/>外篇皆<g ref="#CB10262">蔓</g>衍之说耳学者但精透内篇得 <lb ed="L" n="0359b10"/>无穷快活便非世上俗人矣其学问源头 <lb ed="L" n="0359b11"/>影响论发明<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0359b1101" n="0359b1101"/><anchor xml:id="beg0359b1101" n="0359b1101"/>已<anchor xml:id="end0359b1101"/>透请细参之。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0359b12"/><cb:div type="other"><cb:mulu type="其他" level="1">逍遥遊</cb:mulu><cb:div type="orig"><p cb:type="head1" xml:id="pL153p0359b1201">逍遥遊</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0359b13"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0359b1301">此为书之首篇莊子自云言有宗事有君 <lb ed="L" n="0359b14"/>即此便是立言之宗本也逍遥者廣大自 <lb ed="L" n="0359b15"/>在之意即如<persName>佛</persName>经无碍解脱<persName>佛</persName>以断尽烦 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0360a" n="0360a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0360a01"/>恼为解脱莊子以超脱形骸泯绝知巧不 <lb ed="L" n="0360a02"/>以生人一身功名为累为解脱盖指虚无 <lb ed="L" n="0360a03"/>自然为大道之鄕为逍遥之境如下云无 <lb ed="L" n="0360a04"/>何有之鄕廣漠之野等语是也意谓唯有 <lb ed="L" n="0360a05"/>真人能遊于此廣大自在之场者即下所 <lb ed="L" n="0360a06"/>谓大宗师即其人也世人不得如此逍遥 <lb ed="L" n="0360a07"/>者只被一个我字拘碍故凡有所作只为 <lb ed="L" n="0360a08"/>自<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0360a0801" n="0360a0801"/><anchor xml:id="beg0360a0801" n="0360a0801"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0360a0801"/>一身上求功求名自古及今擧世之 <lb ed="L" n="0360a09"/>人无不被此三件事苦了一生何曾有一 <lb ed="L" n="0360a10"/>息之快活哉独有大圣人忘了此三件事 <lb ed="L" n="0360a11"/>故得无穷廣大自在逍遥快活可悲世人 <lb ed="L" n="0360a12"/>迷执拘拘只在我一身上做事以所见者 <lb ed="L" n="0360a13"/>小不但不知大道之妙即言之而亦不信 <lb ed="L" n="0360a14"/>如文中小知不及大知等语皆其意也故 <lb ed="L" n="0360a15"/>此篇立意以至人无<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0360a1501" n="0360a1501"/><anchor xml:id="beg0360a1501" n="0360a1501"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0360a1501"/>圣人无功神人无 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0360b" n="0360b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0360b01"/>名为骨子立定主意只说到後方纔指出 <lb ed="L" n="0360b02"/>此是他文章变化鼓舞处学者若识得立 <lb ed="L" n="0360b03"/>言本意则一书之旨了然矣。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0360b04"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0360b0401">北冥<note place="inline">北海乃玄冥处也</note>有鱼其名为鲲鲲之大不知 <lb ed="L" n="0360b05"/>其幾千里也化而为鸟其名为鹏鹏之背不 <lb ed="L" n="0360b06"/>知其幾千里也怒而飞其翼若垂天之雲是 <lb ed="L" n="0360b07"/>鸟也海运则将徙于南冥南冥者天池也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0360b08"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0360b0801">莊子立言自云寓言十九重言十七卮言 <lb ed="L" n="0360b09"/>日出和以天倪一书之言不出三种若此 <lb ed="L" n="0360b10"/>鲲鹏皆寓言也以托物寓意以明道如所 <lb ed="L" n="0360b11"/>云譬喩是也此逍遥主意只是形容大而 <lb ed="L" n="0360b12"/>化之之谓圣唯圣人乃得逍遥故撰出鲲 <lb ed="L" n="0360b13"/>鹏以喩大而化之之意耳北冥即北海以 <lb ed="L" n="0360b14"/>旷远非世人所见之地以喩玄冥大道海 <lb ed="L" n="0360b15"/>中之鲲以喩大道体中养成大圣之胚胎 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0361a" n="0361a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0361a01"/>喩如大鲲非北海之大不能养也鲲化鹏 <lb ed="L" n="0361a02"/>正喩大而化之之谓圣也然鲲虽大乃块 <lb ed="L" n="0361a03"/>然一物耳谁知其大必若化而为鹏乃见 <lb ed="L" n="0361a04"/>其大耳鹏翼若垂天之雲则比鲲在海中 <lb ed="L" n="0361a05"/>之大可知矣怒而飞者言鹏之大不易擧 <lb ed="L" n="0361a06"/>也必奋全体之力乃可飞腾以喩圣人虽 <lb ed="L" n="0361a07"/>具全体向沉于渊深静密之中难发其用 <lb ed="L" n="0361a08"/>必须奋全体道力乃可捨静而趋动故若 <lb ed="L" n="0361a09"/>鹏之必怒而後可飞也圣人一出则覆翼 <lb ed="L" n="0361a10"/>群生故喩鸟翼若垂天之雲此则非鲲可 <lb ed="L" n="0361a11"/>比也海运谓海气运动以喩圣人乘大气 <lb ed="L" n="0361a12"/>运以出世间非等闲也将徙徙者迁也南 <lb ed="L" n="0361a13"/>冥犹南明谓阳明之方乃人君南面之喩 <lb ed="L" n="0361a14"/>谓圣人应运出世则为圣帝明王即可南 <lb ed="L" n="0361a15"/>面以临莅天下也後之大宗师即此之圣 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0361b" n="0361b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0361b01"/>人应帝王即徙南冥之意也所谓言有宗 <lb ed="L" n="0361b02"/>事有君者正此意也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0361b03"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0361b0301">齐谐者志怪者也谐之言曰鹏之徙于南冥 <lb ed="L" n="0361b04"/>也水击三千里抟扶摇而上者九万里去以 <lb ed="L" n="0361b05"/>六月息者也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0361b06"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0361b0601">莊子意谓鲲鹏变化之说大似不经恐人 <lb ed="L" n="0361b07"/>不信故引此以作证據谓我此说非是漫 <lb ed="L" n="0361b08"/>谈乃我得之于齐谐中也问曰齐谐是何 <lb ed="L" n="0361b09"/>等书曰乃志怪之书所记怪异之事者也 <lb ed="L" n="0361b10"/>故谐之有言曰鹏之徙于南冥也水击三 <lb ed="L" n="0361b11"/>千里言翼击海水振荡三千里则其大可 <lb ed="L" n="0361b12"/>知扶摇大风也以翼搏大风以飞而上者 <lb ed="L" n="0361b13"/>一擧而九万里之远则其大益可知已六 <lb ed="L" n="0361b14"/>月周六月即夏之四月谓盛阳开发风始 <lb ed="L" n="0361b15"/>大而有力乃能鼓其翼息即风也意谓天 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0362a" n="0362a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0362a01"/>地之风若人身中之气息此笔端鼓舞处 <lb ed="L" n="0362a02"/>以此证之则言可信也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0362a03"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0362a0301">野马也尘埃也生物之以息相吹也天之苍 <lb ed="L" n="0362a04"/>苍其正色耶其远而无所至极耶其视下也 <lb ed="L" n="0362a05"/>亦若是则已矣。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0362a06"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0362a0601">此言大而又大之意也野马泽中阳<g ref="#CB08504">焰</g>不 <lb ed="L" n="0362a07"/>实之物尘埃日光射隙以照空中之遊尘 <lb ed="L" n="0362a08"/>生物以息相吹言世之禽鸟虫物以息相 <lb ed="L" n="0362a09"/>吹谓气息之微也苍苍者非天之正色乃 <lb ed="L" n="0362a10"/>太虚寥远目力不及之地也意谓鹏鸟之 <lb ed="L" n="0362a11"/>大可谓大矣然在太虚寥廓之上而下视 <lb ed="L" n="0362a12"/>之一似野马尘埃而已眇乎小哉即扶摇 <lb ed="L" n="0362a13"/>之大风以鼓之亦若生物之以息相吹相 <lb ed="L" n="0362a14"/>嘘而已何有于大哉故曰其视下也亦若 <lb ed="L" n="0362a15"/>此已矣意谓圣人之大虽大亦落有形尙 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0362b" n="0362b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0362b01"/>有体<g ref="#CB01008">段</g>而虚无大道无形不可以名状又 <lb ed="L" n="0362b02"/>何有于此哉此即以圣人之所以逍遥者 <lb ed="L" n="0362b03"/>以道不以形也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0362b04"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0362b0401">且夫水之积也不厚则负大舟也无力复杯 <lb ed="L" n="0362b05"/>水于坳堂<note place="inline">凹处也</note>之上则芥为之舟<note place="inline">谓芥子大舟也</note>置 <lb ed="L" n="0362b06"/>杯焉则胶<note place="inline">胶粘著也谓坳堂之上不过杯水止可以芥子大舟则浮若以杯为 <lb ed="L" n="0362b07"/>舟则胶粘不动矣</note>水浅而舟大也风之积也不厚则 <lb ed="L" n="0362b08"/>其负大翼也无力故九万里则风斯在下矣 <lb ed="L" n="0362b09"/><note place="inline">谓鹏能一飞九万里者则是风在下而鹏在上鼓之负之乃可远擧若风小则无力不能 <lb ed="L" n="0362b10"/>擧矣</note>而後乃今培风揹负靑天<note place="inline">大风在下大鹏培在风上使得 <lb ed="L" n="0362b11"/>揹负靑天乃不堕落</note>而莫之天阏者<note place="inline">天中道而折也阏壅滞而不行也言 <lb ed="L" n="0362b12"/>得此大风培送大鹏一擧九万里远直至南溟而不中路夭折壅滞也</note>而後乃 <lb ed="L" n="0362b13"/>今将图南<note place="inline">言必有此大风然後方敢远谋图南之擧风小则不敢轻擧也</note>。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0362b14"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0362b1401">此一节总结上鲲鹏变化图南之意以暗 <lb ed="L" n="0362b15"/>喩大圣必深畜厚养而可致用也意谓北 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0363a" n="0363a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0363a01"/>海之水不厚则不能养大鲲及鲲化为鹏 <lb ed="L" n="0363a02"/>虽欲远擧非大风培负鼓送必不能远至 <lb ed="L" n="0363a03"/>南冥以喩非大道之渊深廣大不能涵养 <lb ed="L" n="0363a04"/>大圣之胚胎纵养成大体若不变化亦不 <lb ed="L" n="0363a05"/>能致大用纵有大圣之作用若不乘世道 <lb ed="L" n="0363a06"/>交兴之大运亦不能应运出兴以成廣大 <lb ed="L" n="0363a07"/>光明之事业是必深畜厚养待时而动方 <lb ed="L" n="0363a08"/><g ref="#CB16487">尽</g>大圣之体用故就在水上风上以形容 <lb ed="L" n="0363a09"/>其厚积然水积本意说在鲲上今不说养 <lb ed="L" n="0363a10"/>鱼则变其文曰负舟乃是文之变化处使 <lb ed="L" n="0363a11"/>人捉摸不住若说在鲲上则板拙不堪矣 <lb ed="L" n="0363a12"/>意笑世人轻薄浅陋口耳之学又无积德 <lb ed="L" n="0363a13"/>深厚何敢言其功名事业也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0363a14"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0363a1401">蜩<note place="inline">小寒蝉也</note>与鸴鸠<note place="inline">学飞之小鸠也</note>笑之曰我决起<note place="inline">尽力而飞 <lb ed="L" n="0363a15"/>也</note>而飞抢<note place="inline">撞也</note>榆枋时则不至而控<note place="inline">投也</note>于地而 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0363b" n="0363b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0363b01"/>已矣奚<note place="inline">何也</note>以九万里而南为适<note place="inline">往也</note>莽苍<note place="inline">一望之地 <lb ed="L" n="0363b02"/>也</note>者三餐而反腹犹果<note place="inline">实也谓尙饱也</note>然适百里者 <lb ed="L" n="0363b03"/>宿春粮适千里者三月聚粮之二虫又何知。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0363b04"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0363b0401">此喩小知不及大知谓世俗小见之人不 <lb ed="L" n="0363b05"/>知圣人之大犹二虫之飞抢榆枋则已极 <lb ed="L" n="0363b06"/>矣故笑大鹏要九万里何为哉此喩世人 <lb ed="L" n="0363b07"/>小知取足一身口体而已又何用圣人之 <lb ed="L" n="0363b08"/>大道为哉莊子因言世人小见不知圣人 <lb ed="L" n="0363b09"/>者以其志不远大故所蓄不深厚各随其 <lb ed="L" n="0363b10"/>量而已故如往一望之地则不必畜粮一 <lb ed="L" n="0363b11"/>饭而往返尙饱此喩小人以目前而自足 <lb ed="L" n="0363b12"/>也适百里者其志少远故隔宿舂粮若往 <lb ed="L" n="0363b13"/>千里则三月聚粮以其志渐远所养渐厚 <lb ed="L" n="0363b14"/>比二虫者生长榆枋本无所知亦无远擧 <lb ed="L" n="0363b15"/>之志宜乎其笑大鹏之飞也擧世小知之 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0364a" n="0364a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0364a01"/>人盖若此。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0364a02"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0364a0201">小知不及大知<note place="inline">以上二虫以喩小知之人</note>小年不及大年 <lb ed="L" n="0364a03"/><note place="inline">此以小年大年又比小知大知也</note>奚以知其然耶朝菌<note place="inline">粪壤之菌 <lb ed="L" n="0364a04"/>朝生夕枯</note>不知晦朔<note place="inline">一月也</note>蟪蛄<note place="inline">夏虫也</note>不知春秋此 <lb ed="L" n="0364a05"/>小年也楚之南有冥灵<note place="inline">神龟也</note>者以五百岁为 <lb ed="L" n="0364a06"/>春五百岁为秋上古有大椿者以八千岁为 <lb ed="L" n="0364a07"/>春八千岁为秋<note place="inline">此大年也</note>而彭祖<note place="inline">有寿之人</note>乃今以久 <lb ed="L" n="0364a08"/><note place="inline">寿也</note>特<note place="inline">独也</note>闻众人匹之不亦悲乎。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0364a09"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0364a0901">此因二虫之不知大鹏以喩小知之人不 <lb ed="L" n="0364a10"/>知圣人之廣大以各尽其量无怪其然也 <lb ed="L" n="0364a11"/>如朝菌蟪蛄岂知有冥灵大椿之寿哉且 <lb ed="L" n="0364a12"/>世人只说彭祖八百岁古今独有一人而 <lb ed="L" n="0364a13"/>众人希比其寿以彭祖较大椿则又可悲 <lb ed="L" n="0364a14"/>矣世人小知如是而已。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0364a15"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0364a1501">汤之问<g ref="#CB00331">棘</g><note place="inline">汤之贤相也</note>也是已<note place="inline">言小知不及大知即汤之问<g ref="#CB00331">棘</g>便是 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0364b" n="0364b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0364b01"/>此事也</note>穷发<note place="inline">不毛之地也</note>之北有冥海者天池也<note place="inline">要显 <lb ed="L" n="0364b02"/>北冥南冥都是海故此著天池字</note>有鱼焉其廣数千里未有 <lb ed="L" n="0364b03"/>知其修<note place="inline">长也</note>者其名为鲲有鸟焉其名为鹏背 <lb ed="L" n="0364b04"/>若泰山翼若垂天之雲抟扶摇羊角<note place="inline">旋风也</note>而 <lb ed="L" n="0364b05"/>上者九万里绝雲气<note place="inline">雲在半空而鹏飞负天故云绝雲气</note>负靑 <lb ed="L" n="0364b06"/>天然後图南且适南冥也𩿪鷃<note place="inline">斥泽名鷃泽中之小鸟也</note> <lb ed="L" n="0364b07"/>笑之曰彼且奚适也我腾跃而上不过数仞 <lb ed="L" n="0364b08"/><note place="inline">七尺曰仞</note>而下翱翔蓬蒿之间此亦飞之至也而 <lb ed="L" n="0364b09"/>彼且奚适也此小大之辨也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0364b10"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0364b1001">前引齐谐以证鲲鹏之事此复引汤之问 <lb ed="L" n="0364b11"/><g ref="#CB00331">棘</g>以证小知大知之事言上说小知不及 <lb ed="L" n="0364b12"/>大知之说即汤之曾问于<g ref="#CB00331">棘</g>者便是此事 <lb ed="L" n="0364b13"/>然且即擧鲲鹏不但证其鱼鸟之大抑且 <lb ed="L" n="0364b14"/>证明小大之辨故一引而两证之其事同 <lb ed="L" n="0364b15"/>而意别也故下文即明小大之不同。</p></cb:div> <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0365a" n="0365a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0365a01"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0365a0101">故夫<note place="inline">故夫者承上義而言也</note>知效一官行比<note place="inline">用也</note>一鄕德 <lb ed="L" n="0365a02"/><note place="inline">才也</note>合一君而征<note place="inline">所信也</note>一国者其自视亦若此 <lb ed="L" n="0365a03"/>矣<note place="inline">亦若𩿪鷃之自足也</note>而宋荣子犹然笑之<note place="inline">宋荣子宋之贤人也 <lb ed="L" n="0365a04"/>笑谓彼四等人汲汲然以才智以所一<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0365a0401" n="0365a0401"/><anchor xml:id="beg0365a0401" n="0365a0401"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0365a0401"/>之浮名者</note>且擧世而誉之而 <lb ed="L" n="0365a05"/>不加劝擧世而非之而不加沮<note place="inline">沮丧气失色也</note>定乎 <lb ed="L" n="0365a06"/>内外之分辨乎荣辱之竟斯已矣<note place="inline">言宋荣子所以笑彼 <lb ed="L" n="0365a07"/>汲汲于浮名者其自处以能忘名故擧世誉之而不加劝擧世非之而不加沮此但定其 <lb ed="L" n="0365a08"/>内之实德在<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0365a0801" n="0365a0801"/><anchor xml:id="beg0365a0801" n="0365a0801"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0365a0801"/>外之毁誉由人故不以毁誉少动其心以知荣辱与<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0365a0802" n="0365a0802"/><anchor xml:id="beg0365a0802" n="0365a0802"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0365a0802"/>无预如此而已矣</note> <lb ed="L" n="0365a09"/>彼其于世未数数然也<note place="inline">言宋荣子所以能忘毁誉者但不汲汲以 <lb ed="L" n="0365a10"/>求世上之虚名耳</note>虽然犹有未树也<note place="inline">言未有树立也以但能忘名未 <lb ed="L" n="0365a11"/>忘我</note>夫列子御风而行冷然<note place="inline">轻擧貌</note>善也旬有五 <lb ed="L" n="0365a12"/>日而後返彼于致福者未数数然也此虽免 <lb ed="L" n="0365a13"/>乎行犹有所待者也<note place="inline">列子虽能忘祸福未能忘死生以形骸未脱故 <lb ed="L" n="0365a14"/>不能与造物遊于无穷故待风而擧亦不过旬五日而即返非长往也</note>若夫乘 <lb ed="L" n="0365a15"/>天地之正<note place="inline">正天地之本也如各正性命之正</note>而御六气之辨 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0365b" n="0365b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0365b01"/><note place="inline">乘天地则宇宙在手六气者阴阳风雨晦明乃造化之气也御六气则造化生乎身是乘 <lb ed="L" n="0365b02"/>大道而遊者也</note>以遊无穷者彼且恶乎待哉<note place="inline">彼圣人乘大道 <lb ed="L" n="0365b03"/>而遊与造化混而为一又何有待于外哉</note>故曰至人无<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0365b0301" n="0365b0301"/><anchor xml:id="beg0365b0301" n="0365b0301"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0365b0301"/>神人无 <lb ed="L" n="0365b04"/>功圣人无名<note place="inline">至人神人圣人只是一个圣人不必作三样看此说能逍遥之 <lb ed="L" n="0365b05"/>圣人也以圣人忘形绝待超然生死而出于万化之上廣大自在以道自乐不为物累故 <lb ed="L" n="0365b06"/>独得逍遥非世之小知之人可知也</note>。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0365b07"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0365b0701">莊子立言本意谓古今世人无一得逍遥 <lb ed="L" n="0365b08"/>者但被一个血肉之躯为我所累故汲汲 <lb ed="L" n="0365b09"/>求功求名苦了一生曾无一息之快活且 <lb ed="L" n="0365b10"/>只执著形骸此外更无别事何曾知有大 <lb ed="L" n="0365b11"/>道哉唯大而化之之圣人忘我忘功忘名 <lb ed="L" n="0365b12"/>超脱生死而遊大道之鄕故得廣大逍遥 <lb ed="L" n="0365b13"/>自在快乐无穷此岂世之拘拘小知可能 <lb ed="L" n="0365b14"/>知哉正若蜩鸠𩿪鷃之笑鲲鹏也主意只 <lb ed="L" n="0365b15"/>是说圣人境界不同非小知能知故撰出 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0366a" n="0366a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0366a01"/>鲲鹏变化之事惊骇世人之耳目其实皆 <lb ed="L" n="0366a02"/>寓言以惊俗耳初起且说别事直到此方 <lb ed="L" n="0366a03"/>拈出本意以故曰一句结了此乃文章機 <lb ed="L" n="0366a04"/>轴之妙非大胸襟无此气槪学者必有所 <lb ed="L" n="0366a05"/>养方乃知其妙耳。</p> <lb ed="L" n="0366a06"/><p xml:id="pL153p0366a0601">此上乃寓言下乃指出忘<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0366a0601" n="0366a0601"/><anchor xml:id="beg0366a0601" n="0366a0601"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0366a0601"/>忘功忘名之 <lb ed="L" n="0366a07"/>圣人以为证據。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0366a08"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0366a0801">尧让天下于许由<note place="inline">尧以治天下为<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0366a0801" n="0366a0801"/><anchor xml:id="beg0366a0801" n="0366a0801"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0366a0801"/>功今让与许由乃见忘<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0366a0802" n="0366a0802"/><anchor xml:id="beg0366a0802" n="0366a0802"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0366a0802"/>忘功之 <lb ed="L" n="0366a09"/>实</note>曰日月出矣而爝火<note place="inline">尧自喩爝火以许由比日月</note>不息 <lb ed="L" n="0366a10"/>其于光也不亦难乎<note place="inline">爝火之光难比日月</note>时雨降矣<note place="inline">以比 <lb ed="L" n="0366a11"/>许由</note>而犹浸灌<note place="inline">浸灌劳力而功小以自比也</note>其于泽<note place="inline">润也</note>也不 <lb ed="L" n="0366a12"/>亦劳乎<note place="inline">此自见其功不足居也</note>夫子立而天下治<note place="inline">言许由立 <lb ed="L" n="0366a13"/>地之间天下自治</note>而我犹尸<note place="inline">主也</note>之吾自视<g ref="#CB08798">缺</g>然<note place="inline">言有许由 <lb ed="L" n="0366a14"/>如此之圣人返隐而不出而我自愧如此犹居人君之位今乃自知<g ref="#CB08798">缺</g>然也</note>请致 <lb ed="L" n="0366a15"/>天下<note place="inline">然尧虽能让天下则能忘<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0366a1501" n="0366a1501"/><anchor xml:id="beg0366a1501" n="0366a1501"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0366a1501"/>忘功尙未忘让之之名如宋荣子之笑世也</note>许 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0366b" n="0366b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0366b01"/>由曰子治天下<note place="inline">今子治天下</note>天下既已治也<note place="inline">天下既治 <lb ed="L" n="0366b02"/>则<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0366b0201" n="0366b0201"/><anchor xml:id="beg0366b0201" n="0366b0201"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0366b0201"/>又何求人哉</note>而我犹代子吾将为名乎<note place="inline">言天下已治乃 <lb ed="L" n="0366b03"/>尧之功也今让与我是我无功而虚受人君之名也我岂为名之人乎</note>名者实 <lb ed="L" n="0366b04"/>之宾也吾将为宾乎<note place="inline">名自实有今我无实而有名是我全无实德而 <lb ed="L" n="0366b05"/>专尙名而处宾吾岂处宾不务实之人乎</note>鹪鹩<note place="inline">小鸟也</note>巢于深林不 <lb ed="L" n="0366b06"/>过一枝偃鼠饮河不过满腹<note place="inline">此许由虽能忘名而未能忘<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0366b0601" n="0366b0601"/><anchor xml:id="beg0366b0601" n="0366b0601"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0366b0601"/> <lb ed="L" n="0366b07"/>如鹪鹩之一枝偃鼠之满腹皆取足一<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0366b0701" n="0366b0701"/><anchor xml:id="beg0366b0701" n="0366b0701"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0366b0701"/>之意正似列子御风而未能忘形若姑射神人 <lb ed="L" n="0366b08"/>则无不忘矣</note>归<note place="inline">句此斥尧速归也</note>休乎<note place="inline">句此止尧再不必来也</note>君<note place="inline">句此 <lb ed="L" n="0366b09"/>一字冷语意谓你只见得人君尊大也</note>予无所用天下为<note place="inline">言我要天 <lb ed="L" n="0366b10"/>下作何用也</note>庖人虽不治庖尸祝<note place="inline">巫祝之人不離尊俎</note>不越 <lb ed="L" n="0366b11"/>尊俎而代之矣<note place="inline">此二句乃许由掉臂语谓尧不治天下如庖人不治庖只 <lb ed="L" n="0366b12"/>该寻要天下的人不可寻尸祝我非其人岂弃我之所守而往代之耶</note>。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0366b13"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0366b1301">因前文以宋荣子一节有三等人以名忘 <lb ed="L" n="0366b14"/><anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0366b1401" n="0366b1401"/><anchor xml:id="beg0366b1401" n="0366b1401"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0366b1401"/>忘功忘名之人此一节即以尧让天下 <lb ed="L" n="0366b15"/>虽能忘功而未忘让之之名许由不受天 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0367a" n="0367a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0367a01"/>下虽能忘名而取自足于<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0367a0101" n="0367a0101"/><anchor xml:id="beg0367a0101" n="0367a0101"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0367a0101"/>是未能忘<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0367a0102" n="0367a0102"/><anchor xml:id="beg0367a0102" n="0367a0102"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0367a0102"/> <lb ed="L" n="0367a02"/>必若向下姑射之神人乃大而化之之神 <lb ed="L" n="0367a03"/>人兼忘之大圣以发明逍遥之实证也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0367a04"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0367a0401">肩吾问于连叔曰吾闻言于接舆大而无当 <lb ed="L" n="0367a05"/><note place="inline">言大无实</note>往而不返<note place="inline">言只任语去而不反求果否也</note>吾惊怖其言 <lb ed="L" n="0367a06"/>犹河汉而无极也大有径<g ref="#CB08887">庭</g><note place="inline">二字皆去声谓过当也</note>不 <lb ed="L" n="0367a07"/>近人情焉<note place="inline">肩吾信不及处信是小知小见也</note>连叔曰其言谓 <lb ed="L" n="0367a08"/>何哉<note place="inline">问所说何事也</note>曰藐<note place="inline">极远也</note>姑射<note place="inline">山名</note>之山有神人 <lb ed="L" n="0367a09"/>居焉肌肤若冰雪<note place="inline">言肢体淸荣也</note>绰约<note place="inline">美好也</note>若处子 <lb ed="L" n="0367a10"/><note place="inline">谓颜色美好如室中女也</note>不食五穀吸风饮露<note place="inline">言以风露为食也</note> <lb ed="L" n="0367a11"/>乘雲气御飞龙而遊乎四海之外<note place="inline">言<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0367a1101" n="0367a1101"/><anchor xml:id="beg0367a1101" n="0367a1101"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0367a1101"/>超脱人世乘雲 <lb ed="L" n="0367a12"/>御龙而遨遊于六合之间也</note>其神凝<note place="inline">定也</note>使物不疵疠<note place="inline">言所至则 <lb ed="L" n="0367a13"/>能福民也</note>而年穀熟<note place="inline">言所经则和气风雨及时也</note>吾以是狂<note place="inline">诳也</note> <lb ed="L" n="0367a14"/>而不信也<note place="inline">我谓绝无此等人定是诳语故不信也</note>连叔曰然<note place="inline">然其 <lb ed="L" n="0367a15"/>不信处</note>瞽者无以与乎文章之观聋者无以与 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0367b" n="0367b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0367b01"/>乎钟鼓之音岂唯<note place="inline">不但也</note>形骸有聋盲哉夫知 <lb ed="L" n="0367b02"/>亦有之<note place="inline">言肩吾之智若聋瞽无所知见故不信此说耳</note>是其言也<note place="inline">此聋 <lb ed="L" n="0367b03"/>瞽之言</note>犹时<note place="inline">是也</note>女也<note place="inline">聋盲之言即是女也</note>之人也之德也 <lb ed="L" n="0367b04"/><note place="inline">此神人之妙用</note>将磅礡万物<note place="inline">与万物混而为一也</note>以为一世蕲 <lb ed="L" n="0367b05"/>乎乱<note place="inline">治也言此等人与造物同遊无心于出世则为一世之福而求乎以治</note>孰 <lb ed="L" n="0367b06"/>弊弊<note place="inline">汲汲劳悴心之貌</note>焉以天下为事<note place="inline">言此人岂肯汲汲劳心以 <lb ed="L" n="0367b07"/>治天下为事哉</note>之人也<note place="inline">言此人</note>物莫之伤<note place="inline">言<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0367b0701" n="0367b0701"/><anchor xml:id="beg0367b0701" n="0367b0701"/>已<anchor xml:id="end0367b0701"/>脱形骸无我与物对 <lb ed="L" n="0367b08"/>故物莫能伤即老子云以其无死地焉</note>大浸<note place="inline">大水也</note>稽天<note place="inline">稽至也言滔天 <lb ed="L" n="0367b09"/>之水</note>而不溺大旱金石流<note place="inline">流金烁石言热之极也</note>土山焦 <lb ed="L" n="0367b10"/>而不热<note place="inline">不溺不热乃不能伤处</note>是<note place="inline">言此人</note>其尘垢<note place="inline">犹土苴也</note>秕 <lb ed="L" n="0367b11"/>糠<note place="inline">乃穀之粗皮非精实也</note>将犹陶铸尧舜者也<note place="inline">言此人之德即 <lb ed="L" n="0367b12"/>土苴秕糠最粗者尙能做出尧舜之事业况其精神乎</note>孰肯以物为事 <lb ed="L" n="0367b13"/><note place="inline">言此神人之德如此谁肯弊弊以物为事</note>。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0367b14"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0367b1401">此一节释上乘天地御六气之至人神人 <lb ed="L" n="0367b15"/>圣人之德如此即下所称大宗师者若此 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0368a" n="0368a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0368a01"/>等人迫而应世必为圣帝明王无心御世 <lb ed="L" n="0368a02"/>无为而化其土苴緖馀以为天下国家决 <lb ed="L" n="0368a03"/>不肯似尧舜弊弊焉以治天下为事极言 <lb ed="L" n="0368a04"/>其无为而化世者必是此等人物也。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0368a05"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0368a0501">宋人资<note place="inline">货卖也</note>章甫而适诸越<note place="inline">宋人以章甫为贵重故往资之</note> <lb ed="L" n="0368a06"/>越人断发纹身无所用之<note place="inline">宋人自以章甫为贵而不知越人为 <lb ed="L" n="0368a07"/>无用也此喩尧以天下为贵特让许由而不知由无用天下为大似越人断发纹身以章 <lb ed="L" n="0368a08"/>甫为无用也</note>尧治天下之民平海内之政往见四 <lb ed="L" n="0368a09"/>子<note place="inline">即啮<g ref="#CB08798">缺</g>披衣王倪之类</note>藐姑射之山汾水<note place="inline">尧之都也</note>之阳 <lb ed="L" n="0368a10"/>窅然<note place="inline">茫然自失之貌</note>丧其天下焉。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0368a11"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0368a1101">此一节释上尧让天下与许由许由不受 <lb ed="L" n="0368a12"/>意谓由虽不受尧之天下却不能使尧忘 <lb ed="L" n="0368a13"/>其天下且不能忘让之之名以由未忘一 <lb ed="L" n="0368a14"/><anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0368a1401" n="0368a1401"/><anchor xml:id="beg0368a1401" n="0368a1401"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0368a1401"/>故也今一见神人则使尧顿丧天下此 <lb ed="L" n="0368a15"/>足见神人御世无为之大用一书立言之 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0368b" n="0368b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0368b01"/>意尽在此一语不但为逍遥之结文而已 <lb ed="L" n="0368b02"/>也莊子文章观者似乎纵横洸洋自恣而 <lb ed="L" n="0368b03"/>其中属意精密严整之不可当即逍遥一 <lb ed="L" n="0368b04"/>篇精意入神之如此逍遥之意已结所谓 <lb ed="L" n="0368b05"/>寓言重言而後文乃卮言也大似诙谐戏 <lb ed="L" n="0368b06"/>剧之意以发自<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0368b0601" n="0368b0601"/><anchor xml:id="beg0368b0601" n="0368b0601"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0368b0601"/>心事谓人以莊子所言 <lb ed="L" n="0368b07"/>大而无用但人不善用不知无用之用为 <lb ed="L" n="0368b08"/>大用故假惠子以发之。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0368b09"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0368b0901">惠子谓莊子曰魏王遗<note place="inline">馈也</note>我大瓠之种<note place="inline">惠子魏人 <lb ed="L" n="0368b10"/>故言魏王</note>我树之成而实五石<note place="inline">瓠之子有五石之多言其大如此</note> <lb ed="L" n="0368b11"/>以盛水浆其坚<note place="inline">重也</note>不能自擧<note place="inline">言一人擧不动</note>也剖之 <lb ed="L" n="0368b12"/>以为瓢则瓠落<note place="inline">言廓落之大没处安顿</note>无所容非不呺 <lb ed="L" n="0368b13"/>然<note place="inline">大貌</note>大也吾为其无用而掊之<note place="inline">言击碎之也</note>莊子 <lb ed="L" n="0368b14"/>曰夫子固拙于用大矣<note place="inline">言惠子不能善用其大也</note>宋人有 <lb ed="L" n="0368b15"/>善为不龟<note place="inline">音均言寒冻手背皮皱裂如龟背之故也</note>手之药者<note place="inline">言能 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0369a" n="0369a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0369a01"/>治使手不皱裂之药者</note>世世以洴澼<note place="inline">漂洗也</note>纩<note place="inline">旧绵絮也</note>为事 <lb ed="L" n="0369a02"/><note place="inline">言因有不裂手之药故世世以此为业</note>客闻之请买其方百金 <lb ed="L" n="0369a03"/><note place="inline">客闻其方妙故重價买之</note>聚族而谋之曰我世世为洴澼 <lb ed="L" n="0369a04"/>纩不过数金<note place="inline">所获之利薄</note>今一朝而鬻技百金<note place="inline">言虽 <lb ed="L" n="0369a05"/>一旦而得厚利且不损<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0369a0501" n="0369a0501"/><anchor xml:id="beg0369a0501" n="0369a0501"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0369a0501"/></note>请与之<note place="inline">不知客所用大也</note>客得之以说 <lb ed="L" n="0369a06"/><note place="inline">去声</note>吴王越有难吴王使之将<note place="inline">使得方之人以为将</note>冬与 <lb ed="L" n="0369a07"/>越水战大败越人<note place="inline">言吴有此药故士卒能兵越无之故败也</note>裂地 <lb ed="L" n="0369a08"/><note place="inline">剖土以封</note>而封之<note place="inline">言以此药致封侯也</note>能不皲手一也或以 <lb ed="L" n="0369a09"/>封或不免为洴澼纩则所用之异也<note place="inline">莊子以此喩惠 <lb ed="L" n="0369a10"/>子不善用其无用也</note>今子有五石之瓠何不虑<note place="inline">思其可用处</note> <lb ed="L" n="0369a11"/>以为大樽<note place="inline">以瓠为渡水之樽如今之渔舟小儿背瓠可知也</note>而浮于 <lb ed="L" n="0369a12"/>江湖<note place="inline">此以所用之大也</note>而忧其瓠落无所容则夫子 <lb ed="L" n="0369a13"/>犹有蓬之心<note place="inline">蓬有心而不通此嘲惠子一窍不通正卮言也</note>也夫。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0369a14"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0369a1401">此一节莊子以自创逍遥神人之说以明 <lb ed="L" n="0369a15"/>无用之大用盖亦有自寓<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0369a1501" n="0369a1501"/><anchor xml:id="beg0369a1501" n="0369a1501"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0369a1501"/>意言世无所 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0369b" n="0369b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0369b01"/>知也惠子乃莊子生平相契之友故托嘲 <lb ed="L" n="0369b02"/>调以见<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0369b0201" n="0369b0201"/><anchor xml:id="beg0369b0201" n="0369b0201"/>己<anchor xml:id="end0369b0201"/>意盖亦言其虽有圣人必须擧 <lb ed="L" n="0369b03"/>世有见知者而後乃得见用于当世也言 <lb ed="L" n="0369b04"/>虽戏剧而心良苦矣此等文要得其趣则 <lb ed="L" n="0369b05"/>不可以正解别是一种风味所谓诗有别 <lb ed="L" n="0369b06"/>趣也後诸篇中似此寓意者多学者不可 <lb ed="L" n="0369b07"/>不知也前虽说不善用其大尙未说无用 <lb ed="L" n="0369b08"/>之用故下文以大树发之。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0369b09"/><cb:div type="orig"><p xml:id="pL153p0369b0901">惠子谓莊子曰吾有大树人谓之樗<note place="inline">樗散无用之木</note> <lb ed="L" n="0369b10"/>其大本<note place="inline">树大身也</note>痈肿而不中绳墨<note place="inline">言不材之甚</note>其小 <lb ed="L" n="0369b11"/>枝卷曲而不中规矩<note place="inline">言不可裁取也</note>立之涂<note place="inline">喩当要路</note>匠 <lb ed="L" n="0369b12"/>石<note place="inline">喩当世执政之人</note>不顾<note place="inline">喩不为世所採录也</note>今子之言大而 <lb ed="L" n="0369b13"/>无用<note place="inline">言虽大而无实用</note>众所同去<note place="inline">言为众人所共弃也</note>也莊子 <lb ed="L" n="0369b14"/>曰子独不见狸鼪乎<note place="inline">莊子因惠子说大而无用遂将狐狸野猫之小 <lb ed="L" n="0369b15"/>巧以比惠子幷世用小知者皆不得其死</note>卑身而伏以候敖者<note place="inline">以比 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0370a" n="0370a"/> <lb ed="L" n="0370a01"/>小知之人卑身<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0370a0101" n="0370a0101"/><anchor xml:id="beg0370a0101" n="0370a0101"/>谄<anchor xml:id="end0370a0101"/>求以取功利俟其機会如狸鼪之伏身以候遨者</note>东西跳踉 <lb ed="L" n="0370a02"/>不避高下<note place="inline">以逾世人无知但知求利恣肆妄行不避利害</note>中于機辟 <lb ed="L" n="0370a03"/><note place="inline">此機辟以取狸鼪者</note>死于罔<g ref="#CB05321">罟</g><note place="inline">以罔<g ref="#CB05321">罟</g>罗取狸鼪因不避高下故堕死于機罔 <lb ed="L" n="0370a04"/>之中以喩世人之恃知求利名者亦若此而<anchor xml:id="nkr_note_add_0370a0401" n="0370a0401"/><anchor xml:id="beg0370a0401" n="0370a0401"/>已<anchor xml:id="end0370a0401"/></note>今夫斄牛<note place="inline">南方山中有此大牛</note> <lb ed="L" n="0370a05"/>其大若垂天之雲<note place="inline">斄牛虽大未必如此乃卮言也</note>此能为大 <lb ed="L" n="0370a06"/>矣不能执鼠<note place="inline">言斄牛之大纵若垂天之雲能如此大亦不能执鼠言其至大 <lb ed="L" n="0370a07"/>不能就其屑小也</note>今子有大树患其无用<note place="inline">言既有此大树不必 <lb ed="L" n="0370a08"/>患其无用任他无用</note>何不树之于无何有之鄕<note place="inline">此莊子自喩也 <lb ed="L" n="0370a09"/>然虽大而无用但你世人亦不必用但任放之于无用之地有何不可</note>廣莫之 <lb ed="L" n="0370a10"/>野<note place="inline">此句与无何有皆喩大道之鄕也</note>徬徨<note place="inline">遊衍自得也</note>乎无为其 <lb ed="L" n="0370a11"/>侧逍遥乎寝卧其下<note place="inline">言至人无用而任与道遊则行住坐卧乐有馀 <lb ed="L" n="0370a12"/>地又何患焉</note>不夭釿斧<note place="inline">大树本已不材而又树之无人之境斧斤不伤以喩 <lb ed="L" n="0370a13"/>圣人无求于世故不为世所伤害也</note>物无害者<note place="inline">以无用且不置人前何害之有 <lb ed="L" n="0370a14"/>哉</note>无所可用安所困苦哉。</p></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0370a15"/><cb:div type="commentary"><p xml:id="pL153p0370a1501">此篇托惠子以嘲莊子之无用莊子因嘲 <pb ed="L" xml:id="L153.1636.0370b" n="0370b"/> <lb ed="L" n="0370b01"/>惠子以小知求名求利之为害似狸鼪之 <lb ed="L" n="0370b02"/>不免死于罔<g ref="#CB05321">罟</g>若至人无求于世固虽无 <lb ed="L" n="0370b03"/>用足以道自乐得以终其天年岂不为全 <lb ed="L" n="0370b04"/>生养道之大用是则无用又何困苦哉此 <lb ed="L" n="0370b05"/>虽卮言足见莊子心事自得之如此岂世 <lb ed="L" n="0370b06"/>之小知之人能知耶。</p></cb:div></cb:div> <lb ed="L" n="0370b07"/><cb:juan fun="close" n="1"><cb:jhead>莊子内篇註卷之一</cb:jhead></cb:juan> <lb ed="L" n="0370b08"/><cb:div type="w"><head>音释</head> <lb ed="L" n="0370b09"/><cb:div type="note"><entry><form>鸴</form><cb:def><p xml:id="pL153p0370b0902" cb:place="inline"><note place="inline">胡觉切音学小鸠也</note>。</p></cb:def></entry><entry cb:place="inline"><form>淖</form><cb:def><p xml:id="pL153p0370b0911" cb:place="inline"><note place="inline"><term cb:behaviour="no-norm">协</term>尺约切音绰柔弱之貌</note>。</p></cb:def></entry><entry cb:place="inline"><form>洴澼</form><cb:def><p xml:id="pL153p0370b0923" cb:place="inline"><note place="inline">上旁经切音甁 <lb ed="L" n="0370b10"/>下匹<term cb:behaviour="no-norm">历</term>切音霹漂絮声也</note>。</p></cb:def></entry><entry cb:place="inline"><form>纩</form><cb:def><p xml:id="pL153p0370b1012" cb:place="inline"><note place="inline">苦谤切音旷絮也</note>。</p></cb:def></entry><entry cb:place="inline"><form><term cb:behaviour="no-norm"><g ref="#CB11245">斄</g></term></form><cb:def><p xml:id="pL153p0370b1020" cb:place="inline"><note place="inline">音離野牛也</note>。</p></cb:def></entry></cb:div></cb:div> </body> <back> <cb:div type="apparatus"> <head>挍注</head> <p> <app from="#beg0359b1101" to="#end0359b1101"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">已</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">巳</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0360a0801" to="#end0360a0801"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0360a1501" to="#end0360a1501"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0365a0401" to="#end0365a0401"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0365a0801" to="#end0365a0801"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0365a0802" to="#end0365a0802"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0365b0301" to="#end0365b0301"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">巳</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0366a0601" to="#end0366a0601"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0366a0801" to="#end0366a0801"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0366a0802" to="#end0366a0802"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0366a1501" to="#end0366a1501"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0366b0201" to="#end0366b0201"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0366b0601" to="#end0366b0601"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0366b0701" to="#end0366b0701"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0366b1401" to="#end0366b1401"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0367a0101" to="#end0367a0101"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">巳</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0367a0102" to="#end0367a0102"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">巳</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0367a1101" to="#end0367a1101"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0367b0701" to="#end0367b0701"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">已</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">巳</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0368a1401" to="#end0368a1401"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0368b0601" to="#end0368b0601"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0369a0501" to="#end0369a0501"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">巳</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0369a1501" to="#end0369a1501"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0369b0201" to="#end0369b0201"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">己</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">已</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0370a0101" to="#end0370a0101"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta #wit1" resp="#resp4">谄<note type="cf1">J31n0266_p0498c07</note></lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">谄</rdg></app> <app from="#beg0370a0401" to="#end0370a0401"><lem wit="#wit.cbeta" resp="#resp3">已</lem><rdg wit="#wit.orig">巳</rdg></app> </p> </cb:div> <cb:div type="add-notes"> <head>新增挍注</head> <p> <note n="0359b1101" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0359b1101">已【CB】，巳【龙】</note> <note n="0360a0801" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0360a0801">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0360a1501" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0360a1501">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0365a0401" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0365a0401">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0365a0801" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0365a0801">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0365a0802" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0365a0802">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0365b0301" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0365b0301">己【CB】，巳【龙】</note> <note n="0366a0601" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0366a0601">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0366a0801" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0366a0801">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0366a0802" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0366a0802">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0366a1501" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0366a1501">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0366b0201" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0366b0201">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0366b0601" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0366b0601">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0366b0701" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0366b0701">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0366b1401" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0366b1401">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0367a0101" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0367a0101">己【CB】，巳【龙】</note> <note n="0367a0102" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0367a0102">己【CB】，巳【龙】</note> <note n="0367a1101" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0367a1101">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0367b0701" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0367b0701">已【CB】，巳【龙】</note> <note n="0368a1401" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0368a1401">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0368b0601" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0368b0601">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0369a0501" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0369a0501">己【CB】，巳【龙】</note> <note n="0369a1501" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0369a1501">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0369b0201" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0369b0201">己【CB】，已【龙】</note> <note n="0370a0101" resp="#resp2" type="add" cb:note_key="L153.0370a01.07" target="#nkr_note_add_0370a0101">谄【CB】【嘉兴-CB】，谄【龙】</note> <note n="0370a0401" resp="#resp2" type="add" target="#nkr_note_add_0370a0401">已【CB】，巳【龙】</note> </p> </cb:div> </back></text></TEI>